Entering the world of underwater photography, especially when models are involved, requires a mindset that blends creativity with control. David Doubilet, a renowned name in the underwater photography world, has always sought to encapsulate the feeling of being submerged below the surface. His work was influenced by the sensation that astronauts experience in space, a sense of weightlessness, surrounded by an alien environment. This unique perspective on underwater imagery invites the viewer into an almost otherworldly space, offering a rare and intimate look at the life below. For many, including myself, this approach has become the foundation of creating powerful underwater visuals, particularly when working with models.
In underwater photography, there’s a distinct challenge when it comes to photographing marine life. While many photographers find great satisfaction in capturing the dynamic creatures that call the oceans home, from tiny shrimp to majestic whales, images featuring models offer something different. By adding a human element to these photos, a new layer of meaning is created. Models provide a sense of scale, giving viewers a tangible point of reference and helping them imagine what it might feel like to exist underwater. The model transitions from just being a subject in the frame to becoming a bridge, helping the viewer connect with this submerged world.
Over the years, I've been fortunate to work with the same model, Paula Lindsay Bentley, whose passion for diving and her own expertise in underwater photography have made her an invaluable partner in my creative journey. Paula is more than just a model; she’s an equal collaborator in our underwater adventures, and her contributions are vital in capturing the essence of the world below the surface. A relationship like ours highlights the importance of teamwork and trust in creating meaningful underwater images.
Setting Clear Expectations for a Successful Shoot
Preparation is key to capturing the perfect underwater shot, and this process begins long before you submerge yourself into the water. It’s important to envision the image you want to create and have a clear mental picture of the end result. Without this foresight, your underwater photography can lack direction and fail to evoke the emotion or mood you intend to express. Visualizing the photograph in your mind will guide you toward the necessary technical decisions, like lighting, composition, and model placement, and it will also help you communicate your creative vision with your model.
One of the most crucial aspects of preparing for an underwater shoot is establishing a conversation with your model. Whether you are working with a seasoned professional or someone who’s just starting, this discussion sets the tone for the entire shoot. Before even entering the water, make sure to articulate your vision clearly. Share your ideas, discuss the mood you want to create, and go over reference images or sketches if necessary. This ensures that both you and the model are aligned, which will significantly improve communication and performance during the shoot itself.
Effective communication doesn’t stop when you enter the water. It serves as the foundation of your underwater photography. When both you and the model are in sync, the shots become a seamless reflection of that connection. Understanding each other’s roles and expectations before entering the water eliminates confusion and ensures a smooth shooting process. The result? A photograph that resonates with the emotion you intended to capture.
Mastering the Dynamics of Underwater Photography with Models
When you're submerged in the water, the dynamics change drastically from traditional photography. The element of water itself can either enhance or complicate your efforts, and understanding this relationship is essential. The weightlessness of the underwater world can create a dreamlike, fluid quality to your images, but it also requires specific technical adjustments, from the buoyancy of the model to the movement of the water itself.
Model coordination is particularly vital in underwater shoots. Since water can restrict movement and make communication more difficult, models need to be adept at holding positions and responding to your directions without the usual verbal cues. Here, the model’s experience and understanding of underwater environments come into play. Working with someone like Paula, who is both a diver and an underwater photographer, brings a level of ease and proficiency to the shoot that makes the process smoother. She knows how to manage her buoyancy and pose effectively, allowing me to focus on the creative elements of the shot rather than dealing with technical obstacles.
Another important aspect of underwater photography with models is managing the light. Water absorbs and scatters light differently from air, and this must be taken into account when setting up your shots. Natural sunlight can be stunning but also unpredictable, especially when you’re shooting at different depths. Using artificial lighting, such as strobes or continuous lights, can help fill in shadows and bring out the textures of both the model and the environment. However, lighting underwater is not just about illuminating the subject; it’s about creating mood and depth. Playing with light and shadow under the surface can turn a simple shot into something extraordinary.
The beauty of underwater photography with models lies in its ability to evoke a sense of wonder. When done correctly, these images transport the viewer into a serene, mysterious world that feels removed from everyday life. The relationship between the model and the underwater environment, enhanced by creative lighting and careful positioning, can bring out the sense of weightlessness and tranquility that David Doubilet sought to portray in his work. It’s an intimate, almost surreal experience, one that can only be captured with meticulous planning, clear communication, and a deep understanding of the medium.
Ultimately, each underwater shoot becomes a unique collaboration between the photographer, the model, and the underwater environment itself. By establishing clear expectations, preparing mentally, and maintaining a constant dialogue, photographers can unlock the true potential of underwater photography. Whether you're working with a seasoned diver or a model new to the water, the key lies in creating a shared vision that will result in images that are not only beautiful but also deeply evocative.
Underwater photography with models holds endless possibilities. It’s a delicate dance between technology, creativity, and nature. Through thoughtful planning and an open-minded approach, you can craft images that not only showcase the breathtaking beauty of the underwater world but also the profound connection between humanity and the natural environment. As you dive deeper into this craft, remember that every shoot is an opportunity to capture something truly unique, something that draws the viewer into the depths and lets them experience the wonders beneath the surface.
The Art of Communication: Ensuring Synchronization Underwater
Underwater photography is not just about capturing an image. It’s an immersive experience where the photographer and the model must work in perfect harmony to create something truly special. One of the key elements to achieving this harmony is effective communication. Underwater, communication becomes increasingly challenging, but it is essential for creating stunning visuals that resonate with authenticity and artistry.
The difficulty in communicating while submerged stems from several factors. For one, visibility can be limited, particularly in deep water or murky conditions. This makes it harder to see both the model and the surroundings. In these situations, the model might not even see the photographer clearly, making it even more important to use clear communication methods. Additionally, sound does not travel as effectively underwater, so verbal instructions are often impossible to hear. Because of this, effective communication underwater relies heavily on pre-established cues, such as hand signals.
Before entering the water, the photographer and model must discuss and agree on a set of intuitive hand signals that will be easily understood. These signals should be simple yet effective, allowing for easy interpretation regardless of the conditions. The model needs to be prepared for situations where visibility is compromised, so it’s crucial to ensure that the hand signals are visible, even in challenging lighting or when the model is focused on something other than the photographer.
By establishing a shared understanding of these signals before diving in, the photographer and model can create a seamless flow of communication. The model will know exactly what the photographer is asking for, even without hearing a word spoken. This level of mutual understanding allows the two to work together as a team, creating an underwater experience that feels both organic and intentional. In this environment, every movement and gesture can speak volumes, allowing the model to feel fully immersed in the scene, resulting in more natural and captivating photographs.
Capturing Natural Poses and Expressions in the Water
One of the biggest challenges in underwater modeling is ensuring that the model’s poses appear natural and fluid. While it might seem instinctive to direct the model to look directly into the camera for a more striking shot, this approach can often result in awkward or forced expressions. To achieve a more genuine and engaging photograph, I encourage models to interact with their environment in a way that feels authentic.
Instead of posing stiffly or staring into the lens, the model should appear as if they are simply existing in the underwater world, moving naturally with the current. By having the model look away from the camera or follow the direction of light, the resulting image feels much more lifelike and relatable. The model might glance over the photographer's shoulder or be captured mid-motion, creating a sense of movement and dynamism. This subtle, relaxed approach to posing adds to the overall aesthetic, creating images that feel more like candid moments frozen in time rather than forced or staged compositions.
A key aspect of achieving these natural poses is ensuring the model feels comfortable and at ease underwater. The weightlessness of the water can sometimes make it difficult for models to adjust their posture or movement, so taking the time to guide them gently, rather than giving harsh instructions, can help the model feel more confident and relaxed. The more the model can tune into their natural body language, the more authentic the final image will be. By fostering this sense of fluidity and ease, the photographer can capture genuine emotions and expressions that resonate deeply with the viewer.
The photographer must develop an understanding of the model's comfort zone in the water, as this will help in directing them towards the most flattering angles and movements. A successful underwater shoot often involves a lot of trial and error, as the model adjusts to the fluidity of the water, and the photographer adjusts to the changing environment. It is through this process of collaboration and adaptation that the most captivating underwater shots emerge.
The Role of Props in Underwater Photography: Adding Depth and Atmosphere
In underwater modeling, props are much more than just accessories; they are essential elements that enhance the composition and bring a sense of atmosphere to the shot. Props can range from something as simple as a dive light to more intricate items like the model’s equipment or a camera rig. These props serve multiple purposes: they help to guide the model’s movement, provide focal points in the composition, and often add a layer of storytelling to the image.
One of the most commonly used props in underwater photography is a dive light. A dive light does more than illuminate the scene; it helps direct the model’s attention and guides the photographer in framing the shot. When the model holds a dive light, the beam often becomes the focal point of the composition. This allows the photographer to play with light and shadow, creating a mood or emphasizing specific details in the frame. However, it’s important to be mindful of how the light is used. If the beam is too wide or too intense, it can overpower the shot, detracting from the overall image. Instead, the light should be used subtly, with the model guiding the beam naturally in a way that feels true to the scene.
When a model holds a light, they must follow the light’s direction instinctively, allowing it to lead their movement. Whether they are pointing it toward something in the environment or holding it to illuminate their face, the model’s interaction with the light adds depth and intrigue to the composition. The photographer, too, must be strategic in how they capture the light, using it to draw attention to specific areas of the shot. The use of props in this way creates an additional layer of narrative within the image, turning a simple photograph into a more complex, multi-dimensional work of art.
Props also serve as a means of interaction between the model and its environment. For instance, the model might gently hold onto a piece of equipment, or their body could move about a particular element in the scene, creating a more dynamic interaction. This adds a sense of storytelling to the image, giving the viewer a glimpse into the underwater world the model inhabits. It is this interaction between the model, the environment, and the props that transforms a standard underwater shot into something visually compelling.
Ultimately, the use of props in underwater photography should feel seamless, as though they belong in the scene rather than simply being added for the sake of decoration. The goal is to integrate them into the composition in a way that enhances the overall atmosphere and mood of the photograph. By using props thoughtfully, the photographer can bring an extra layer of depth to the shot, making the image feel more immersive and engaging.
Aesthetic Considerations in Underwater Photography
Underwater photography presents unique challenges that go beyond traditional studio or landscape photography, particularly when it comes to ensuring the model maintains a clean and captivating appearance. The presence of diving equipment, especially in colder water conditions, can create visual distractions that detract from the overall composition. Wetsuits, buoyancy compensators, and various pieces of gear such as hoses, light cords, and straps can easily clutter the scene and take away from the fluid lines that are typically sought after in underwater portraits. To maintain a polished aesthetic, the model needs to manage their equipment effectively. Keeping hoses and straps neatly tucked into buoyancy compensators or hidden within pockets can go a long way in maintaining the model’s smooth and unencumbered look. This attention to detail ensures that the focus remains on the model rather than the distracting elements of their gear.
Equally important is the mask the model wears, which can greatly influence the visual quality of the image. I prefer clear-skirt masks for their ability to let ambient light reach the model’s face. This enhances the natural glow on their skin, giving the image an ethereal depth that is hard to achieve with opaque or colored masks. A well-lit face makes a significant difference in the overall mood of the photograph, allowing the model to shine without the need for heavy artificial lighting. The type of clothing worn by the model is another crucial element that impacts the elegance of the underwater shot. Avoiding bulky, restrictive gear ensures that the model can move with the natural fluidity required for graceful underwater movements. Streamlined clothing choices help preserve the model's freedom of motion and contribute to the fluidity of the composition.
Enhancing the Separation Between Model and Background
One of the most critical aspects of underwater photography is creating a visual distinction between the model and the background. Underwater, everything tends to blend, and the model can easily get lost in the surrounding environment. Whether shooting in open water or close to the seabed, careful attention must be paid to how the model is positioned relative to the backdrop. It’s important to encourage the model to create space between themselves and the background to help define their presence in the shot. By creating negative space around the subject, the viewer’s eye is naturally drawn to the model, enhancing their visual prominence.
The use of light also plays a significant role in differentiating the model from its environment. Whether using strobes or relying on natural sunlight, the lighting should be designed to highlight the model and create contrast with the background. For instance, placing light in such a way that it illuminates the model while allowing the backdrop to fade into shadows can dramatically enhance the separation between the two. This lighting technique results in the model standing out starkly against the background, making them the focal point of the image. The careful balance of light and shadow adds an extra layer of depth to the composition, making the photograph more dynamic and visually engaging.
Additionally, understanding the ambient light conditions of the underwater environment is crucial. The deeper one goes, the more light is absorbed, and the colors of the scene change, with warm tones like reds and oranges disappearing first. This makes it even more essential to use artificial lighting in deeper waters to preserve the vibrancy and clarity of the image. Photographers must experiment with the angle of light, as the direction from which light enters the scene can drastically alter the mood of the photograph. Light coming from above can create a more serene look, while side lighting can add drama and texture, emphasizing the model’s features and the surrounding environment.
Furthermore, the movement of water itself can introduce fascinating elements into the photograph. The ripples, currents, and bubbles can interact with the light in mesmerizing ways, creating abstract patterns that can either complement or contrast with the model. These dynamic elements must be incorporated thoughtfully to enhance the storytelling aspect of the image. For example, a slow-moving model might benefit from still water, allowing it to be the focal point, while a more active scene could incorporate the movement of the water itself to create a sense of energy and fluidity in the composition.
The model’s posture and clothing also play a crucial role in distinguishing them from the background. Flowing fabrics or elegant poses can create a sense of movement, while at the same time making the model more prominent against the surrounding elements. A well-positioned model with the right styling can seem to float effortlessly, creating a sense of ethereal beauty that resonates with the viewer. Proper positioning, combined with a mastery of lighting and water interaction, can truly elevate the composition, transforming an ordinary underwater scene into a visually striking piece of art.
In this environment, patience and precision are essential. Each shot may require adjustments in lighting, positioning, or even the model's movements to ensure the desired separation between subject and background. Ultimately, the key to success lies in harnessing the natural underwater elements while skillfully manipulating lighting, composition, and space to create a powerful and distinctive image.
Positioning the Model for Impactful Shots
The positioning of the model is another crucial element that affects the outcome of an underwater photograph. There are various approaches to positioning the model, each offering its own set of advantages. For instance, photographing the model from a distance can create a dramatic silhouette, emphasizing the overall shape and movement rather than facial expressions or intricate details. This style of shot is particularly powerful in conveying a sense of mystery or grandeur, making it ideal for creating striking, artistic imagery that evokes a sense of awe.
On the other hand, photographing the model up close offers the opportunity to capture intricate details such as facial expressions and body language. However, shooting closely also requires more precision, as the model must remain still and composed while conveying emotion through subtle cues. In these types of shots, the model’s eyes often serve as the focal point. The gaze can communicate a wide range of emotions, from serenity to intensity, depending on the mood you want to evoke. The ability to capture the nuances of a model’s expression can turn an ordinary shot into something truly captivating, giving the image a level of emotional depth that makes it resonate with viewers.
When selecting a model for close-up shots, experience is often a key factor. Seasoned divers tend to make the best models for these types of shots, as they are accustomed to maintaining their composure in challenging underwater environments. They are more likely to remain calm and poised, even when faced with difficult elements such as strong currents or reduced visibility. This ability to stay relaxed and focused allows for more natural and engaging shots, where the model’s expressions and body language are captured with authenticity.
Maximizing the Aesthetic Impact with Gear and Environment
The gear worn by the model is not just a practical consideration but also plays a significant role in the aesthetic composition of the photograph. Proper management of diving equipment not only ensures the model’s comfort but also contributes to a cleaner, more visually appealing shot. The streamlined look that can be achieved by concealing unnecessary equipment is essential to maintaining the purity of the underwater image. The model should avoid unnecessary distractions such as loose straps or dangling hoses, as these elements can easily dominate the frame and distract from the intended aesthetic.
When shooting underwater, the environment is another crucial factor that must be considered. The underwater world offers a unique and often unpredictable backdrop for photographs. The ever-changing nature of water currents, the shift in light depending on depth, and the movement of marine life all add complexity to the environment. To work with these elements, it’s important to be flexible and ready to adapt. Positioning the model with careful thought to the surrounding environment ensures that the shot remains harmonious, with no overwhelming distractions that could take the focus away from the subject. Being mindful of the surroundings and adjusting accordingly will help create a balanced composition that draws attention to the model while maintaining the natural beauty of the underwater world.
Lighting plays a pivotal role in maximizing the aesthetic impact of underwater photographs. Natural light can create a soft, diffused effect, which works beautifully for wide shots or when capturing the vastness of the underwater world. On the other hand, artificial lighting can be used strategically to highlight the model and isolate them from the background. By using strobes or underwater lighting, the model can be lit dramatically, making them pop against the often muted tones of the underwater environment. The interplay of light and shadow not only enhances the visual separation between the model and their surroundings but also adds depth and texture to the image, making it more visually engaging.
Embracing the Fluidity of Movement
A key characteristic of underwater photography is the inherent fluidity of movement. Unlike traditional photography, where models are often required to hold still, underwater shots tend to feature more dynamic movement, which adds a sense of life and energy to the composition. The model’s ability to move gracefully through the water is essential for creating visually stunning images that capture the essence of the underwater environment. Every shift in the model’s body position or slight change in posture can dramatically alter the mood of the shot.
To achieve the desired fluidity, it’s important to guide the model’s movements in a way that complements the desired aesthetic. Encouraging the model to flow with the water rather than against it allows for more organic and graceful poses. The key is to avoid stiff or forced movements, which can create a jarring contrast with the natural flow of the water. When the model is in harmony with their environment, the resulting shots will have an effortless elegance that reflects the fluid nature of the underwater world.
Embracing the Unpredictability of Underwater Photography
Underwater photography is a unique and exhilarating art form that draws photographers to capture stunning moments beneath the surface of the water. One of the most captivating aspects of this genre is its inherent unpredictability. Unlike traditional photography, where a photographer can direct the scene with a degree of control, underwater photography requires a more fluid and reactive approach. The models, marine life, and the environment itself all play unpredictable roles in creating a breathtaking shot. Each photo has the potential to be an expression of serendipity, capturing rare and spontaneous moments that might never occur again.
One of the most mesmerizing features of underwater photography is the opportunity to document interactions between the model and marine life. Whether it’s a curious sea lion approaching the model or a playful dolphin swimming alongside them, these unplanned encounters add an element of wonder and magic to the images. The unpredictability of these moments is what makes underwater photography so compelling and memorable. It’s not just about posing; it’s about allowing nature to take its course and being ready to capture those fleeting moments when everything aligns perfectly.
However, this sense of unpredictability also comes with its challenges. Unlike traditional photography studios, where photographers can control lighting, backdrops, and the pace of the shoot, underwater environments are constantly changing. Currents, tides, and visibility can fluctuate, and marine animals have their own agendas. These factors require the photographer to be highly adaptable and prepared for anything. Whether it’s adjusting the lighting on the fly, repositioning the model to accommodate shifting currents, or quickly reacting to an unexpected animal interaction, the key to success in underwater photography lies in embracing the unknown.
Working with the Environment and Ensuring Ethical Practices
One of the core principles that guides my approach to underwater photography is the respect for the environment and the creatures that inhabit it. While the thrill of capturing a perfect shot is enticing, it should never come at the cost of the animals’ well-being or the integrity of the ecosystem. Working with the environment, rather than against it, is essential for creating ethical and responsible photographs.
Marine life, such as seals, sea lions, and other curious creatures, often make for incredible subjects in underwater photography. Their inquisitive nature allows for beautiful interactions between the model and the animal. However, it is crucial to approach these encounters with sensitivity and care. Forcing an animal into a specific interaction or getting too close for comfort can be both unethical and harmful to the creature. Wild animals should always have the freedom to move and act naturally, without being pressured or manipulated for the sake of a photograph.
This same principle applies to the models as well. The underwater environment can be a daunting place for even the most experienced divers. Strong currents, limited visibility, and the need to hold one’s breath can add layers of complexity and stress to the shoot. Therefore, creating a comfortable and safe space for the model is vital. It’s not just about achieving the perfect photograph; it’s about ensuring that the model feels secure and at ease throughout the process. Frequent communication, both before and during the shoot, ensures that the model is comfortable and able to perform at their best.
Beyond the model’s safety, the photographer must also prioritize environmental conservation. Ensuring minimal impact on the natural surroundings is crucial. This means being mindful of the fragility of coral reefs, avoiding disturbing marine life, and leaving the underwater environment as undisturbed as possible. Every action taken during the shoot should be done with respect for the ecosystem, as preserving these environments is essential not only for the animals that call them home but also for the future of underwater photography as an art form.
Prioritizing Safety and the Overall Experience
While the primary goal of underwater photography is to create stunning and evocative images, it is equally important to prioritize the safety and comfort of everyone involved in the shoot. The underwater world can be both awe-inspiring and challenging. Even experienced divers face the unique challenges of underwater environments, and the model’s experience should be as smooth and enjoyable as possible.
Safety should always come first, and this begins with ensuring that both the model and the photographer are properly equipped. Underwater photography requires specialized gear, including cameras, housing, lighting equipment, and diving equipment. Each piece of equipment must be maintained and properly used to avoid malfunctions and ensure the safety of everyone involved. Models should be equipped with dive masks, fins, and safety lines, while the photographer should be prepared with a reliable system for communicating with the model and keeping track of their well-being during the shoot.
Aside from the physical aspects of the shoot, the mental and emotional well-being of the model is equally important. Underwater shoots can be intense and exhausting, as models need to maintain focus while managing their breath and positioning in the water. Communication before and during the shoot is key to making sure the model doesn’t feel overwhelmed or stressed. Checking in with the model at regular intervals can help assess how they are feeling and whether they need a break. Encouragement and positive reinforcement are important to maintain morale and create an enjoyable atmosphere throughout the session.
Once the shoot is completed, it’s essential to have a debriefing with the model. This provides an opportunity to reflect on the experience, celebrate the successes, and discuss areas for improvement. By sharing feedback in a constructive and supportive manner, both the photographer and the model can learn from the experience and apply those lessons to future shoots. This collaborative approach fosters a positive and mutually respectful relationship, ensuring that both parties feel fulfilled by the process, regardless of the outcome.
Ultimately, the art of underwater photography should not be defined solely by the pursuit of a perfect shot. It’s about more than capturing an image’s about creating a shared experience that celebrates the beauty of the underwater world. By approaching each shoot with respect, care, and a sense of wonder, photographers can create images that tell a compelling story while honoring the environment and the people involved.
The most powerful photographs often emerge when both the model and the photographer are fully immersed in the moment. This deep connection with the environment, the subject, and the process itself can lead to extraordinary images that go beyond what is visible on the surface. It’s in these moments of collaboration, spontaneity, and respect that the true magic of underwater photography shines through, resulting in photos that are not only visually stunning but emotionally impactful as well.
Conclusion
Underwater photography with models is a delicate art that requires creativity, technical skill, and collaboration. Every shoot offers a unique opportunity to capture the beauty and serenity of the underwater world, blending the model's grace with the environment’s fluidity. Success in this field lies not only in the perfect shot but in fostering trust, maintaining clear communication, and respecting both the model and the natural surroundings. The unpredictability of the underwater world adds a layer of excitement and wonder, making each photograph a rare moment frozen in time. Through thoughtful preparation and genuine partnership, these images transcend mere visuals, becoming timeless works of art.